Sunday, December 1, 2019

Compare and Contrast: Early Modern Europe and Modern Eastern Europe




Compare and Contrast
Early Modern Europe and Modern Eastern Europe

November 26, 2012

In this essay I will compare and contrast the criticisms of monarchy government as it was practiced in Early Modern Europe from Voltaire’s book with Drakulic’s criticisms of the governments of Modern Eastern Europe. There are many similarity and difference between the government in Early Modern Europe and Modern Eastern Europe.
The first similarity between the government of Early Modern Europe and Modern Eastern Europe is that the government has a lot of power. In the book Café Europa by Drakulic, she showed that the government of Croatia or other Eastern European country are still used to the communism government so they act like they are communist government and do whatever they want. For instance, the Croatian government prohibits people from bringing too much money outside of the country or prohibits people from taking too much good into the country. And this show their dictatorship since most of the people wanted to bring goods into the country, and take a lot of money outside the country. So this is not really democracy if the government is not doing what the most of the people wanted. And they are not listening to the people. Instead the government does whatever they want and make up their rule. In the book Café Europe, Drakulic wrote “ ….Croatian citizen may bring in $100 worth of goods, the same limit that applied to former Yugoslavia. And if you this regard this rule and got caught. You have to pay over 30 per cent in duty[1].” So, this former communist country, Croatia, make up this rule that citizen can only bring in $100 worth of good. We can see that this rule is not popular and make no sense, because most of the stuff in Croatia cost higher than other Western Europe country. People from Croatia mostly buy stuff at cheaper price from Western European country and bring it back home. This rule was made to keep the money inside Croatia, however, reading from Café Europa we can clearly see that most of the people don’t like this rule but they can’t do much about it because the government have too much authority just like the government that Voltaire criticize in his book, Candide. In the book Candide by Voltaire, the Dutch judge made Candide pay ridiculous fees, “The judge began by fining him ten thousand piasters for the noise he had made. Then he listened patiently, promised to investigate hos case as soon as the captain returned, and charged him another ten thousand piasters for the expense of hearing[2].” Candide was made to paid high fees just to get the judge to listen to his case, and then later in the book we see that the judge did not help him with his case. The same thing happen to the citizen of Croatia citizen that bring in goods more than $100, they have to pay 30 per cent duty. We can see the absolute power of both of the government being criticize in these two books. For the government in these two books they must thing that they have the right to make people paid high fees because if the people are rich enough to buy more than $100 worth of good then they must be rich enough to pay for the fees. Same thing with Candide, the Dutch judge think that if he is rich enough to pay ten thousand piasters for the noise he made, Candide must be rich enough to pay another ten thousand piasters for the fees of listening. Then these governments use their power to force people to pay. This shows us the similarity of the absolute power that these government has.
This brings us to the next topic of the government system that is very similar both practiced in Early Modern Europe and Modern Eastern Europe. There must be the reasons for the absolute power that these governments hold. And one of those reasons is that people are not involved in the politic, people are not doing anything about the government. In Early Modern Europe, of course people are not involved in politics because they can’t and for them it is harder to voice their opinion unlike the democracy system of the Modern Eastern Europe. But there is problem with the citizen of former Communist country not participating in politics.  Drakulic give reason that the people are used to the old system of communist government. They are new to democracy and don’t know how to use their right and don’t know the power that they have. When the trees in Public Park were being cut down people just stand there and watch it happen. As Drakulic describe in her book “They stood passive and immobile, almost like trees themselves. Or like future victim. Why did they do nothing[3]?” So, why did they do nothing? It is because that they don’t know the power that they have. They don’t know that democracy is not the same like the old communist government that they have been living in for decades. “We could not do anything[4]” this is one of the reasons they give for not doing anything while the trees are being cut down. People of the formal communist country did not understand that to make democracy work they actually have to do something and participate in the politic. Many still don’t believe that change is possible or that they have power as Drakulic said “We still have a one-party government, corruption, injustice, poverty and ladder-climbing, very much as we did before.[5]” This is the excuse that Drakulic try to give to her husband for not standing up to the border police and rejected all those ridiculous border custom rules. She feels like she is just a person and has no power to do anything against the mighty powerful government, so she rather not voices her opinion or participate in the politic.
Now, I will talk about the differences between the governments of Early Modern Europe and the Modern Eastern Europe. The difference that we can clearly see is that the role that the church has in government. In Early Modern Europe the church has important role in the government, and the church has many powers. In the monarch system the next most powerful people after the king are the noble and the church. In the book Candide, Voltaire often criticizes the church because of the power that they have and how the church exercise those power. However, in the book Café Europe, Drakulic didn’t even criticize the church. This is because in Modern Eastern Europe countries the church has no influence in the government and the church also has no power in people life. In Candide, the Father of the Jesuit is the ruler of Paraguay, the inquisitor in Lisbon has the power to kill people or do auto de fay. The church is very involved in the government in Early Modern Europe; the church also has a lot of power. This is the reason why the church is being criticize because they abuse their power and become to involve in worldly riches instead of spiritual life.
Another obvious difference of the government is that the Early Modern Europe governments are monarch but the Modern Eastern Europe is democracy. Although they both has total authority and they both are riches while the people are poor. But the structure of the government is different, and democracy is the opposite of monarchy. Although, the democracy government of formal communist country in Eastern Europe seem pretty bad, but I think they are at least better than the monarchy government.
There are many similarity and differences of the monarchy government that Voltaire criticize in his book Candide and the democracy government that Drakulic described in her book, Café Europa. Both show that the government system they under is not working and they are failing. Both Drakulic and Voltaire feel like the people life under these governments are unhappy. We can see that if democracy or monarchy is not practice wisely it will bring problem and sadness. But both Voltaire and Drakulic also portray a better government, the system that they desire for, the system that they think will bring happiness to people. For Voltaire that government is the monarchy in the city of El Dorado under a good king; and for Drakulic that system is the democracy practice wisely as in the Western European countries and the USA.


[1] Café Europa, Slavenka Drakulic, p.111
[2] Candide, Voltaire p.75
[3] Café Europa, Slavenka Drakulic, p.94
[4] Café Europa, Slavenka Drakulic, p.98
[5] Café Europa, Slavenka Drakulic, p.117

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